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Astronomers have discovered a super-dense star orbiting with a dying stellar companion once every 93 minutes, making it the fastest-orbiting star of its kind.
The accelerated object, a type of neutron star, called a millisecond pulsar, the rocket moves into space at speeds of 8,100 mph (13,000 kilometers per hour) or more, the researchers said. Its lighter companion - which is blasting with a barrage of "black widow" pulsar radiation - is still fast to zip around the system's common hub at 1.7 million mph (2.8 million kmph).
The Pulsar, known as PSR J1311-3430, and its companion separated by only 320,000 miles (520,000 kilometers) - about 1.4 times the distance from Earth to the Moon - are the most tightly bound pair of them is referred to as.
Scientists saw PSR J1311-3430 after combing through four years of data collected by NASA's Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope. Researchers said that for the first time millisecond pulsars (MSPs) were detected through high-energy gamma rays.
"The discovery of this first MSP from direct gamma-ray vibrations opens the door to detect other extreme binary pulsars," said Holger Pellets, lead author of the study at the Max Gonck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Alstein Einstein Institute), Germany.
"Such discoveries may provide major insights into the physics of pulsar emission processes and close binary evolution," said Palesh.
"The discovery of this first MSP from direct gamma-ray vibrations opens the door to detect other extreme binary pulsars," said Holger Pellets, lead author of the study at the Max Gonck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Germany. Told SPACE.com via email. [Top 10 weird things in space]
"Such discoveries may provide major insights into the physics of pulsar emission processes and lead to binary evolution," said Palesh.
'Black widow' pulsar
Scientists picked up the gamma-ray signal of PSR J1311-3430, which has been coming out of the data Fermi stack since its 2008 launch. it was not easy; It took a newly developed algorithm and a lot of computing power to find the Pulsar, which rotates 390 times per second.
"It took about 5,000 CPU days to find the Pulsar," said Pulsch. "With the third power of Pulsar spin-frequency computing costs rise here. We started the search at the lowest frequency and went upstream. This Pulsar we found at 390 Hz. If we had to search up to 700 Hz, e.g. For. The search would require approximately 27,000 CPU days. "
The gamma ray signal revealed much about both Pulsar and his companions, which is possibly another stellar remnant.
For example, the team determined that the companion has a diameter of less than 55,000 miles (88,000 km), making it smaller than Jupiter. But the strange object is at least eight times more massive than the giant planet, making the companion incredibly dense - actually about 30 times denser than our Sun.
In addition, researchers were able to calculate Pulsar's extreme proximity to his partner, which has serious consequences for his partner. PSR J1311-3430's rapid radiation vaporizes its poor partner .
Continuous radiation of the partner by MSP can also lead to complete destruction of the partner, depending on a production channel for isolated MSPs, the formation of which is still incompletely understood, "the scientists said
Studying the PSR J1311-3430 system can help astronomers gain better control over the formation and development of a millisecond pulsar, Pellet said.
"Such pulsar systems (as we found) and their current parameters are valuable 'fossils' of their evolutionary history." "Often the strongest tests come from extrema. Since the shortest orbital period is known in this MSP binary, it could become an important investigation for various evolutionary scenarios in future studies."
The team's new discovery method can help astronomers discover many more millisecond pulsars, which have historically been very difficult to find. So far, scientists have detected their emissions mainly in radio wavelengths, the researchers said.
"Direct detection of a binary MSP from gamma-ray data opens up new possibilities for future discoveries and studies of these phenomena," Pellets said. "This implies that MSPs, including other ultra-binary pulsars, can be bright, as yet present among unknown gamma-ray sources, but which are very radio-faint or by dense companion winds found in typical radio searches. Are unclear. "
Image source : Space.com
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